Introduction:-
Prostate is a glandular agency present alone in males. It surrounds the close of float & the aboriginal allotment of urethra and condributes a beard to the semen. The gland is conical in appearance and measures 3 cm in vertical bore and 4 cm in axle diameter.It has got bristles lobes anterior,posterior,two crabbed and a average lobe.Since the aboriginal allotment of the urethra canyon through it any bane in the prostate will aftermath adversity in casual urine.
Diseases of the prostate gland:-
1) Prostatitis:-
This is the inflamation of the prostate gland due to bacterial infection.
2) Benign amplification of the prostate:-
This is a non annihilative tumour of the prostate apparent afterwards the age of 50. 3,Cancer of the prostate:-This is the 4th best accepted account of afterlife from annihilative diseases in males.
Cancer of the prostate.
Cancer of the prostate is anon affiliated with the macho sex hormones(androgens).If the levels of sex hormone increases the advance amount of blight additionally increases.It is begin that afterwards the removel of testes there is apparent abridgement in the admeasurement of tumour.
Site of tumour:-
Prostate blight is apparent mainly in the afterwards lobe.Non annihilative amplification is apparent in added lobes.
Changes in the gland in cancer:-
The gland becomes adamantine with aberrant apparent with accident of accustomed lobulation .Histologically prostate blight is an adeno carcinoma(cancer of the epithelial beef in the gland)
Growth :-
Growth amount is actual fast in prostate blight .The tumour compresses the urethra and aftermath adversity in urination.
Spread of tumour:-
Metastasis in blight of prostate is actual early.
1) Local spread:-
From the afterwards affiliate the blight beef go to the crabbed lobes and seminal vesicles.Tumour beef additionally move to the close and abject of the urinary bladder.
2) Aqueous spread:-
Through the lymph argosy blight beef ability the centralized and alien illiac accumulation of lymph nodes.From there beef move to retroperitonial(Behind the peritonium) and mediastinal lymph nodes(in the chest)
3) Advance through the blood:-
Spread of blight beef takeplace through the periprostatic venous belly and alcove the vertebral veins while coughing and sneezing and assuredly enders the vertebral bodies of the lumbar vertebrae.
Signs and affection of prostate cancer:--
Signs and affection depend aloft the date of the cancer. The afterward affection may be seen.
1) No symptoms:-
Tumour is baby and alone in the afterwards lobe. This is diagnosed accidentely.
2) Slight adversity in urination:-
Here the tumour is continued and urethra is hardly compressed.Shortly there will be common appetite for urination with difficult urination.
3) When the tumour advance to all adjacent areas including close of float and urethra there will be aching urination with bleeding.Urine comes bead by drop.
4) Assimilation of urine:-
When the urethra is absolutely aeroembolism there will be assimilation of urine.This can advance to hydronephrosis, renal abortion ect.In this action accommodating may get amusement due to renal abortion and assuredly coma.
5) Signs of metastasis:-
Some patients appear with the signs and affection of metastasis.
a) Lumbo sacral affliction due to advance of blight beef to lumbar and sacral vertebrae.
b) Breach of back due to annihilative advance in the spine.
c) Swelling, affliction and aqueous accumulating in the belly due to bane in the abdomen.
d) Respiratory complaints due to blight of mediastinal lymphnodes and lungs.
e) General weakness due to advance of blight to altered genitalia of the body.
f) Anaemia due to involment of cartilage bottom and added abolition of RBCs.
Clinical assay :-
Includes per abdominal assay to feel the prostate gland,palpation of belly to feel the abscess in kidneys and any tumours.Patient is advised from arch to bottom to acquisition out any lesions.
Investigations:-
1) Complete claret investigations;-
RBC,WBC,Platlets,ESR,bleeding time ,clotting time ect.
2) Urine analysis:-
Microscopic assay to ascertain pus cells,occult blood,casts,Crystals ect.
3) Renal action tests:-
Blood urea level,serum creatinine level,electrolyte akin ect.
4) Serum acerbic phosphatase:-
Increased in blight of prostate.
5) x-ray of the spine:-
To ascertain any tumour or fracture.
6) Ultra sonography;-
Gives abstraction about prostate,bladder,kidney ect.
7) C T scan:-
More abundant advice about organs and tumour.
8) MRI of the spine:-
Gives abundant advice about back ,disc and adjacent bendable tissues.
9) Lymphangiography:-
Gives abstraction about aqueous advance of cancer.
10) Biopsy to affirm cancer:-
Biopsy is taken from the tumour and is accelerate for histopathological assay beneath the microscope.This will ascertain the attendance of blight cells.
Treatment:-
1) If there is assimilation of urine catheterisation is needed.
2) Dialysis if branch failure.
3) If there is blackout ecology of all basic functions forth with parentral diet and electolyte supply.
4) Specific analysis is prostatectomy(removal of prostate)
Partial prostatectomy :-
Here alone the afflicted affiliate is removed.
Radical prostatectomy :-
Total abatement of prostate forth with adjacent lymphnodes.
5, Hormone analysis :-
Stilbestrol is accustomed to abate tumour growth.Since this treatement increases the adventitious for cardiovascular ache phosphorylated diethyle stilbesterol is acclimated nowadays.
6) Chemotherapy:-Drugs like cyclophosphamide, cisoplatim ect are given.
7) Radiotherapy is additionally done for some cases.
8) Homoeopathy:-
Homoeopathic drugs like carcinocin, conium, sabal, crotalus, thuja, iodum, selinium, staphysagria, sulphur ect can be accustomed according to symptoms.Constitutional homoeopathic anesthetic will accord abundant abatement and can access the activity span.
9) Yoga and brainwork is additionally healpful.
